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Centos 离线安装通用方法(Docker为例)

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原理

yum install有参数--downloadonly，可以只下载不安装，搭配--downloaddir=DLDIR参数可以下载依赖包，完成离线安装。
命令实例：

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# online machine: pwd --> /root
mkdir -p /root/download
yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/root/download <package-name>
tar zcf download.tar.gz download/

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# offline machine: pwd --> /root
tar xf download.tar.gz
yum localinstall download/*

docker实例

按照官网说明，使用以上命令，获得的rpm包，基于Centos7.0-1406系统
https://github.com/Tony36051/docker-installer/tree/master/RPM-based/docker-ce-17.12-CentOS-7.0-1406
root权限执行一下命令即可:

sudo sh install.sh

可能的坑

rpm包有重复、冲突，体现为在安装xxx包时候，依赖项Requires，但是有重复或冲突，需要卸载Removing，并被yyy包更新Updated。但是这个过程不能自动化，因为yum不知道你冲突后要保留哪个。例子如下：

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--> Processing Dependency: rpm = 4.11.3-25.el7 for package: rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: 1:net-snmp-agent-libs-5.7.2-24.el7.i686 (@Server)
           Requires: librpm.so.3
           Removing: rpm-libs-4.11.3-17.el7.i686 (@Server)
               librpm.so.3
           Updated By: rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64 (/rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64)
               Not found
Error: Package: rpm-build-libs-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64 (@Server)
           Requires: rpm-libs(x86-64) = 4.11.3-17.el7
           Removing: rpm-libs-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64 (@Server)
               rpm-libs(x86-64) = 4.11.3-17.el7
           Updated By: rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64 (/rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64)
               rpm-libs(x86-64) = 4.11.3-25.el7
Error: Package: 1:net-snmp-agent-libs-5.7.2-24.el7.i686 (@Server)
           Requires: librpmio.so.3
           Removing: rpm-libs-4.11.3-17.el7.i686 (@Server)
               librpmio.so.3
           Updated By: rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64 (/rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64)
               Not found
Error: Package: rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64 (/rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64)
           Requires: rpm = 4.11.3-25.el7
           Installed: rpm-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64 (@Server)
               rpm = 4.11.3-17.el7
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

解决方法

  • 查看重复包
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    rpm -vqa | grep net-snmp-agent-
    net-snmp-agent-libs-5.7.2-24.el7.x86_64
    net-snmp-agent-libs-5.7.2-24.el7.i686
  • 卸载冲突包
    下面是卸载不符合系统的包，也有可能完把老版本全删掉，直接装新的
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    yum remove rpm-libs-4.11.3-17.el7.i686
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